![]() Perhaps the leading proponent of the idea of self-sufficiency was James Henretta, “Families and Farms: Mentalité in Pre-industrial America, William and Mary Quarterly 35 (January 1978): 3–32.ĥ. Breen, “An Empire of Goods: The Anglicization of Colonial America, 1690–1776,” Journal of British Studies 25, no. Those historians who emphasized the consumption of British imports and its link to self-sufficiency include Daniel Vickers, “Competency and Competition: Economic Culture in Early America,” William and Mary Quarterly 47 (1990): 3–29 Richard Lyman Bushman, “Markets and Composite Farms in Early America,” William and Mary Quarterly 55 (1998): 351–74 Carole Shammas, “How Self-Sufficient Was Early America?,” Journal of Interdisciplinary History 13 (Autumn 1982): 247–72 T. For a more general assessment of economic life, trade, and politics in the city see Gary Nash, The Urban Crucible: The Urban Seaports and the Origins of the American Revolution (Cambridge, 1979).Ĥ. On (in)effective government and factionalism in Philadelphia see Jessica Choppin Roney, Governed by a Spirit of Opposition: The Origins of American Political Practice in Colonial Philadelphia (Baltimore, 2014) and Gary Nash, Quakers and Politics: Pennsylvania, 1681–1726 (Princeton, NJ, 1968). Doerflinger, A Vigorous Spirit of Enterprise: Merchants and Economic Development in Revolutionary Philadelphia (Chapel Hill, NC, 1986) Emma Hart and Cathy Matson, “Situating Merchants in Late Eighteenth-Century Port Cities,” Early American Studies 15 (Summer 2017): 660–82 Cathy Matson, Merchants and Empire: Trading in Colonial New York (Baltimore, 1998) Sheryllynne Haggerty, The British Atlantic Merchant Community, 1760–1810: Men, Women, and the Distribution of Goods (Leiden, 2006) Gautham Rao, National Duties: Customs Houses and the Making of the American State (Chicago, 2016), chap. On Philadelphia’s merchant community that directed international trade see Michelle Craig McDonald, “The Chance of a Moment: Coffee and the New West Indies Commodities Trade,” William and Mary Quarterly 62 (July 2005): 441-72, and see other essays in this issue for further discussion of merchants and trade in the later eighteenth century Thomas M. Edward Luttwak, Turbo-Capitalism: Winners and Losers in the Global Economy (New York, 2000).ģ. ![]() Southern Historical Collections, University of North CarolinaĢ. South Carolina Historical Society manuscripts described by Helen Gardner McCormack ![]() South Carolina Department of Archives and History Huntington Library, San Marino, California American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia ![]()
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